How to Help Children Overcome Separation Anxiety
Separation anxiety is a natural emotional response that many children experience when separated from their primary caregivers. While it’s common among toddlers and preschoolers, children in foster care might exhibit these symptoms more intensely or for a prolonged period due to the unique challenges they face.
Understanding the symptoms and how to address them allows us to respond to a child’s worries in the most effective way. In a potentially stressful moment, it makes a world of difference for both the child and the foster parent. We share what you should know about separation anxiety.
What Is Separation Anxiety?
Separation anxiety — also known as separation anxiety disorder (SAD) — is the distress or fear a child feels when separated from their primary caregivers. It’s a normal part of development for young children, but it can be problematic if it becomes severe or continues as the child grows older.
This issue manifests in children in various ways. Common symptoms of separation anxiety include:
- Clinginess
- Crying or tantrums, especially when the caregiver is leaving
- Fear of being alone — for example, refusing to go to another room without their caregiver
- Nightmares, often about being separated
- Physical symptoms such as headaches or stomach aches when separated
For children in foster care, these symptoms might intensify due to previous traumatic experiences or the uncertainty of their situation. Children in foster care often face multiple separations from caregivers, siblings, and familiar environments. These multiple separations can lead to:
- Increased attachment: They might become overly attached to a new caregiver quickly, fearing another separation.
- Regression in behavior: Older children might start behaving like younger children by, for example, wetting the bed or sucking their thumbs.
- Trust issues: They might have difficulty trusting new caregivers or forming bonds.
How to Help Children With Separation Anxiety
Are you a foster parent seeking to help a child in your care overcome separation anxiety? The following strategies may help make a difference.
- Establish a routine: Predictability provides comfort. Stick to regular meal times, bedtimes, and other daily activities.
- Provide reassurance: Let the child know it’s okay to feel upset, and you’ll always return when you leave.
- Stay calm: Children pick up on adult emotions. Stay calm and positive during separations. You can also tailor your home environment to promote calmness.
- Practice short separations: Start with short durations and gradually increase the time you’re apart.
- Seek professional help: If the anxiety is severe or persistent, consider seeking help from a therapist or counselor who specializes in childhood anxiety or trauma.
Separation anxiety is a challenge many children face but one that can be complicated within the foster care system. However, with understanding, patience, and the right approach, foster parents can help children in their care navigate these feelings and build a sense of security and trust.
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